Eva -Marie Salomon

Eva-Marie Salomon was born in Berlin on the 18th of September 1924 to Toni Salomon née Stadthagen (1887-1942) from Berlin and the Justizrat Dr Philipp Salomon (1867-1941) from Landsberg an der Warthe. Known as Evamarie by the family, she was the only child of Toni and Philipp, her older half-brother was Arnold Oberndörffer (1914-1937) from Toni’s first marriage. Among many relatives were her great-uncle, the distinguished Social Democratic (SPD) Reichstag Member, Arthur Stadthagen (1857-1917) and her uncle, the decorated First World War pilot, Paul Stadthagen (1893-1943).

Evamarie’s mother Toni was the eldest of three siblings and had worked as a Kindergarten assistant, her father Philipp was a lawyer at the Kammergericht (High Court) and an amateur pianist. The family lived at Hölderlinstraße 10 in the same building as her grandmother Agnes Stadthagen née Jacobi (1864-1938). Her mother’s siblings and their families also lived in the Westend of Berlin, providing a wider family group.

Evamarie proved to have learning disabilities and attended schools, day centres and boarding homes for those with special needs in Berlin at different times of her life. Enjoying a close relationship with her parents and a wider circle of Berlin cousins she was affectionately called ‘Evchen’. Her older cousin Beate Rehfisch remembered a lively child who was an important part of the family.

Both her parents were of Jewish descent and with the accession of Hitler to power in 1933 the family endured an increasingly threatening world. In 1938 the family moved to Württembergallee 8, their last address of free choice. Evamarie was not to leave Germany, unable it is understood to obtain a visa to emigrate due to her disability. Her mother Toni stayed in Berlin to support her daughter and husband who was increasingly ill in his later years. Evamarie’s father Philipp died of heart failure on the 27th of April 1941 and his ashes are interred at the Weißensee Cemetery in Berlin. Her older half-brother Arnold had already died in 1937 and is buried at the Weißensee Cemetery.

The final address in 1942 for Toni and Evamarie was Maikowskistraße (Zillestraße) 107 in Berlin, a building probably designated for Jews (Judenhaus). They were deported together on the 11th of July 1942 to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration and Extermination Camp.

Evamarie Salomon was murdered with her mother Toni at the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration and Extermination Camp.

Evamarie’s aunt Lilli Rehfisch (1891-1941/42) was deported to the Jungfernhof Concentration Camp, Riga on the 29th of November 1941, where she was murdered. Her uncle Paul Stadthagen was deported on the 23rd of September 1942 to the Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, where he was murdered. Evamarie’s cousin Käthe Meyersohn née Salomon (1889-1942), her husband Dr Siegbert Meyersohn (1886-1942) and their daughter Eva Meyersohn (1921-1942) were deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration and Extermination Camp on the 14th of December 1942, where they were murdered. Evamarie’s cousin Paul Salomon (1887-1943) was deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration and Extermination Camp on the 2nd of March 1943, where he was murdered. Evamarie’s cousin Dr Ernst Simon (1888-1943) was deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration and Extermination Camp on the 17th of May 1943, where he was murdered.

Evamarie is remembered today by the descendants of her cousins and this biography has been written by Stephen Duncan, the son of Evamarie’s cousin Beata Duncan (Beate Rehfisch), with the assistance of Robert Duncan, Beata’s grandson. London 2022.

Evamarie Salomon’s Stolperstein has been sponsored by the descendants of her cousins.

© Stephen Duncan

Sources: LAB-Landesarchiv Berlin; Czitrich-Stahl, Holger, Arthur Stadthagen: Anwalt der Armin und Rechtslehrer der Arbeiterbewegung (Berlin: Peter Lang, 2011); Barch PA-Bundesarchiv Abteilung Personenbezogenene Auskünfte Berlin-Reinickendorf; BLHA-Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam;

Arolsenarchiv

Weblinks to be inserted:

Paul Stadthagen https://www.berlin.de/ba-charlottenburg-wilmersdorf/ueber-den-bezirk/geschichte/stolpersteine/artikel.179349.php

Lilli Rehfisch https://www.berlin.de/ba-charlottenburg-wilmersdorf/ueber-den-bezirk/geschichte/stolpersteine/artikel.1146516.php

Beate Rehfisch https://www.berlin.de/ba-charlottenburg-wilmersdorf/ueber-den-bezirk/geschichte/stolpersteine/artikel.1146516.php

Dr Siegbert Meyersohn https://blog.pommerscher-greif.de/der-juedische-arzt-von-schivelbein/